Crop Category
Description
California is the largest grape growing state in the United State contributing to over 85% of total production. Washington, New York and Oregon are other main grape growing states.
Taxonomic Classification
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Division: Magnoliophyta
- Class: Magnoliopsida
- Order: Rhamnales
- Family: Vitaceae
- Genus: Vitis
- Species: vinifera
Economically Important Part of Apple
- Grapes berries are the most economically important part.
Conditions for Cultivation
Grapes generally require a hot and dry climate during its growth and fruiting periods.
It is successfully grown in areas where the temperature range is from 15-40˚C.
Depending on temperatures, 40–80 days after bud break the process of flowering begins with small flower clusters appearing on the tips of the young shoots looking like buttons.
Flowering occurs when average daily temperatures stay between 15–20 °C.
It prefers deep rich moist well-drained moderately fertile loam soil.
Grows best in a calcareous soil, but dislikes excessively chalky soils.
Prefers a pH in the range 6.5 to 7 but tolerates a range from 4.3 to 8.6.
Major Challenges
- The major challenges involve: Biotic causes and Abiotic causes.
- Biotic causes involves
- Major pest: Flea beetle, Thrips, Aphids, Wasps and Japanese beetle.
- Major Diseases: Downy Mildew, Powdery Mildew, Anthracnose, Leaf blight and Wilt.
- Abiotic Causes
- Berry drop, Berry cracking, leaf chlorosis, dead arm and trunk splitting.
PROCUCT RECOMMENDATION
| Stage | Product | Recommended dose |
|---|---|---|
| Flower bud initiation | Calfuze | 300 g per acre |
| Berry setting | Profuze | 500 ml per acre |
| Post bloom (berry 4-6 mm) | Calfuze | 300 g per acre |
| Post bloom (berry 8-10 mm) | Profuze | 500 ml per acre |
| Pre verasion | Calfuze | 300 g per acre |
| Verasion | Profuze | 500 ml per acre |
